Ok, this is going to sound very bizarre but it worked for me. The large articulating teak shelf that covers the quarter berth entrance in my 2012 R27 had numerous water stains on it. Light colored rings from sweating bottles or glasses, long light colored marks from something damp or wet sitting for too long, and spill marks which were all there when I bought the boat so they had been there a while. I tried cleaning with mild soap and water but no luck.
Not wanting to make a major wood working project out of it, I took the lazy man's way out and searched YouTube for "teak remove water stain" which resulted in the video below...
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b6WJVQtiu4g
This guy's wood looked almost exactly like mine with a variety of stain shapes and sizes. I lightly sanded the surface with 220 grit just to remove any burrs or loose fibers - about 2 minutes total for both sides. Then I got an old dish towel, put the iron on high, kept it moving, and used steam every now and then. After letting the wood dry and breath for 5 minutes I could still faintly see the stains but after applying a generous coat of teak oil and letting it sit for 15 minutes before wiping it off... the stains were gone and the wood looked beautiful. I will be second coating it today by wet sanding the oil in with 600 grit.
The picture below is only a partial view of the shelf before the ironing with stains visible in the upper left corner but it was much worse on the portion you cannot see:
https://share.icloud.com/photos/0mrgyAk ... a7xYnLpltg
Here is an after picture in the same perspective but showing the whole piece:
https://share.icloud.com/photos/0s8Q9Eu ... 8wGs3mo2MA
As far as the "worn through" areas, it would help a lot if you can post a picture for people to see and then make recommendations to remedy them. HTH, Gary