Motor mount torque

bchristie

Well-known member
Joined
Nov 9, 2019
Messages
87
Fluid Motion Model
R-21
Vessel Name
Spirit
2014 cutwater 28, Volvo D-4: does anyone know the recommended torque value for the top nut that secures the engine to the motor mount? my recent pre-purchase survey found one only finger tight. Thanks in advance!
 
FWIW, The installation manual for our 2014 R27 with Volvo D3-200 lists 70+/- 5Nm for the engine mount torque.

Curt
 
It may be as simple as torquing the nut or maybe not. That nut locks the engine mount in position. There is also one maybe two nuts on the bottom to lock the bottom nuts in position. If the engine was aligned correctly and there is no soft foot then snugging up the top nut will be ok. If there is any soft foot or improperly aligned then the alignment can actually change when the nut is tightened or maybe out of line because the nut was never tightened properly. When alignment was done. When motor mount fasteners are found loose it is a good time to check alignment. Align and then tighten fasteners.
 
Thanks for the input. The issue of engine alignment has been a concern for me as well. I appreciate the input and help. I just accepted the purchase of the boat so many more issue to follow.
 
BB marine":2b9lekqd said:
It may be as simple as torquing the nut or maybe not. That nut locks the engine mount in position. There is also one maybe two nuts on the bottom to lock the bottom nuts in position. If the engine was aligned correctly and there is no soft foot then snugging up the top nut will be ok. If there is any soft foot or improperly aligned then the alignment can actually change when the nut is tightened or maybe out of line because the nut was never tightened properly. When alignment was done. When motor mount fasteners are found loose it is a good time to check alignment. Align and then tighten fasteners.

Since the OP mentioned the alignment as a concern as well, I hope I'm not derailing the post with this question. Would you mind elaborating on how you deal with or check for a soft foot with rubber mounts. I get how it's done with a motor to a gearbox connected via a shaft where the motor is bolted down to a solid base but don't see how I would do the same when I replace my 4 rubber engine mounts. With the compression of the rubber or other material in the mount how would you check for soft foot? Not a mechanic so maybe I'm missing something simple here. Thanks
 
Soft foot means the machine is not resting evenly on all feet. The motor mounts used on most marine inboard engines are adjustable up or down. When aligning machinery two checks are done. Coupler face to face measurements are checked Parallel and angular. When stationary mounts are used, soft foot is checked first. A measurement is taken under each foot if there is a gap under the foot a measurement is taken and shims are used to "fill" the gap. When all mounts are resting on the mounting surface evenly alignment begins. Doing this insures that when alignment is completed and final alignment is confirmed in spec the alignment holds true when the final torque is applied to the top mounting fasteners. If there is any soft foot or "3 legged" when torquing the top mounting fasteners this will change the alignment.

This holds true also for rubber mounted adjustable marine motor mounts. The rubber mounts are not made to take up soft foot. The rubber mounts are to absorb shock, vibration, and torque. The alignment should be done with the rubber mounts in a neutral position. The soft foot is adjusted using the lower adjusting nut. This nut also is used for adjusting the engine elevation when adjusting the coupling angular position. In some cases when the boat manufacture does a poor job with the engine bed or stringers shims are used first to remove excessive soft foot. The fine tuning is done with the adjusting nuts. When adjusting the nuts up or down caution needs to be taken to confirm the motor mount bracket does to get caught on the threads of the motor mount adjusting stud. The gap between the motor mount bracket and the adjusting nut must be checked to confirm that the nut is in full contact with the mount bracket. If there is any gap at all a soft foot is present. When the top nut is tightened down and soft foot is present this will change the alignment. If a technician is doing an alignment the final step after tightening the top motor mount fastener is to recheck the alignment to confirm that while tightening the nut, no soft foot and the alignment did not change. He will then make up the couplings, tighten, torque and wire tie coupling bolts. I also put a dab of red locktite on the top of each top motor mount nut, allowing it to run down around the threads of the mount stud. This was my telltale as to did the nut move or loosen during future checks.

In a case where a top mounting bolt is loose how does the technician or DIY boat owner know that the lower bolt has not moved or loosened? How does he know that tightening the top nut did not change the alignment? Is there a witness mark or a telltale mark that tells him the nut was loose but nothing moved or changed. Probably not. This is why If a loose motor mount on a machine , marine engine or anything that requires an alignment is found. Tightening the nut just makes it tight but you don't know if it was aligned, is aligned or moved while the fastener was loose.

Below is the Volvo Penta Motor mount D3. The lower nut is bottomed out, there is no clearance under it. This photo was taken by me after I found this motor mount's top nut loose. The lower nut either moved, threading down and bottoming out on the mount base or the alignment was never done correctly. The fwd port mount nut was also loose and had a air gap between the bottom nut and the engine mount bracket. As you can see the motor mount was not aligned properly to the engine bed. Part of the mount is hanging over the engine stringer. The lack of attention to detail when this engine was installed made the side to side alignment difficult ( parallel and angular) the engine was mounted favoring the port side and it was bolt bound. It needed to be moved to the starboard. I was able to get the alignment within specification by grinding material out of the slot on the mounts. In hind site I should have moved the mount base to correct location but this would have required lifting the motor. So I could fill all old holes and drill new.
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When I did get the alignment completed I had another issue The oil cooler hose was rubbing hard against the stringer. when achieving proper alignment the engine needed to go starboard.
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I contribute theses issues to the keel extension installation. The keel extension installation and alignment basically locates the engine position in the compartment. Once the extension is installed the X dimension and shaft centering is established.

I realize this explanation is more than you asked but I thought I would share my loose motor mount nut, soft foot, side to side misalignment story. If I would have just tightened the nut I would have continued to operate with misalignment. I found the loose nut while doing 2 year, 200 hour engine checks. We purchased the boat in April 2016 this was done April 2018. It brings back memories! Good boat with a few flaws!!
 
Building on Brian's story of 'soft foot' engine mounts on his D-3, I have to add my experience with the same issue on my 2016 R-27 D-3 which I purchased in Anacortes in the Spring of 2018 with @ 185 hours. I was taking her up the inside passage to Alaska and running at 3000'ish RPM just south of Butedale, BC when a very loud bang occurred. We shut down the engine and looked behind us thinking we had hit a dead head. Starting back up, the engine/transmission had severe vibration, so we required a 12 +/- hour tow(which also hydro-locked my engine) to Prince Rupert for repairs. Removing the shaft and prop, they checked out fine, no damage from collision. On reinstallation, the Tech discovered that the engine-transmission were well out of alignment. After realignment everything has run fine with some 600 hours now. Our theory after the fact was that one of the lower nuts was loose and backed off(down) creating a gap. The engine hung in place, maybe on the threads, until it didn't and the engine dropped causing the bang, misalignment and vibration.

I have coated my engine mounts with a black rust prevention coating and put a narrow white line on the top and bottom nuts and engine mount flange. I check that these marks are still in alignment and not moved each year as a PM. It's a good idea to check the torque on the mount locking nuts periodically.
 
Thanks for your response Brian. When you state, "The alignment should be done with the rubber mounts in a neutral position." , could you clarify what you mean by this? I read it to mean that there is no load on the mounts at this point meaning that the mounts are in place, bottom nuts are backed off and not supporting the engine, suggesting that the engine is supported/suspended by other means. Is this what you are saying or have I miss your point completely?

I have the little Volvo Penta D1-30 and have replaced the engine mounts twice in 10 years. I basically take height measurements from the base to the underside of the engine brackets and installed the new mounts at this height so that I'm in the ballpark before I start the alignment. At this point however, there is compressive load on each of the 4 mounts so would have no way to assess a soft foot before starting the final alignment. Again, I'm a DIY'er with no formal training but have worked with industrial millwrights for years. I have no problem getting the coupling faces to within the .003" spec using the mounts adjust nuts but do not understand how I could ensure equal loading on the 4 mounts. Thanks.
 
Newf":399a9jqu said:
I'm a DIY'er with no formal training but have worked with industrial millwrights for years.

Then you understand what soft foot is. I'm a retired Milwright 18 years of alignment of turbines, pumps, compressors, motors and conveyors.

bchristie":399a9jqu said:
I replace my 4 rubber engine mounts. With the compression of the rubber or other material in the mount how would you check for soft foot?

If you install 4 engine mounts. The bottom of the mounts are all resting completely flat on a completely square sole ( engine stringer) and all mounts are adjusted exactly at the exact dimension (elevation) and each motor mount bracket is also bolted parallel to the block and you have no interference between the mounts adjusting stud and the motor bracket. You probably do not have soft foot. It's easy enough to check slide a feeler gauge at each resting mating surface. You are ready to align.

If you have found a loose motor mount fastener and you tighten it down (only). Have you checked all the boxes above to confirm that the mount was adjusted correctly ? When the fastener is tightened do you know the engine has not moved and changed the alignment? Is there a possibility of soft foot ? Did the bottom fastener move? Was the motor mount bracket caught on the stud threads of the mount? you don't know unless you check

The compressive load on the motor mounts from the machinery weight would be your neutral position. This is the load applied to the mounts from the weight of the machinery. The mounts are designed to except this load. This is the resting state with no torque applied to them. If each mount has full contact with the motor mount bracket and the foot with the sole (engine stringer) you are good. If you have soft foot and the top fasteners are loose and alignment is proven to be correct with this soft foot when you tighten that mount down the soft foot clearance is being removed an additional load is being applied to that mount and there is a good chance the alignment has changed.

If you have worked with millwrights ask them if they check for soft foot when replacing flexible mounts on a machine and aligning a machine drivetrain. I know when I worked on jobs if soft foot was not checked by one of the technicians we would chase the alignment when tightening the hold down fasteners. I alway check for it when checking alignment.

I hope this helps. I'm sure if you have replaced your mounts twice you understand. My terminology is probably not good.
 
Sent you a PM Brian. Hope you don't mind.
 
Having just completed the replacement of my engine mounts before Christmas, this is an interesting read.

I like the idea of a painted marker line on each set of top & bottom mount nuts to verify that they have not wandered from their aligned & torqued position! Adding this TODO item to my next trip to the marina!
 
Brian:

I have appreciated your posts on Tugnuts and assistance when we met in 2022 at Sweetwater Landing Marina.

I read your posts on this topic and would like your guidance on what a hands-on, but not a professional mechanic, should be doing regarding motor mounts and checking alignment. I have treated the motor mounts to protect against rust and added a shield to contain seawater from the shaft getting all over the engine. Nothing more beyond that.

So...what should I be doing on a regular basis vs taking to a trained professional. For example, should I learn how to align the engine? If so, what source can I access to learn how? I prefer to do as much as I can but I also recognize that some tasks are better left to the pros. I just can't figure out where the line is on this topic.

Look forward to your reply!!

Mike
 
Bosn Mate":2r8gl8a7 said:
Brian:

I have appreciated your posts on Tugnuts and assistance when we met in 2022 at Sweetwater Landing Marina.

I read your posts on this topic and would like your guidance on what a hands-on, but not a professional mechanic, should be doing regarding motor mounts and checking alignment. I have treated the motor mounts to protect against rust and added a shield to contain seawater from the shaft getting all over the engine. Nothing more beyond that.

So...what should I be doing on a regular basis vs taking to a trained professional. For example, should I learn how to align the engine? If so, what source can I access to learn how? I prefer to do as much as I can but I also recognize that some tasks are better left to the pros. I just can't figure out where the line is on this topic.

Look forward to your reply!!

Mike

Mike'
Motor mounts don't require much maintenance. I like to know that I have a stating point when it comes to motor mounts and engine alignment. Once you have a known starting point the maintenance protocol is keep the mounts clean and rubber components oil free, inspect the lag bolts fastening the mounts to the engine stringer grid. Confirm bolts are in good condition and tight. Inspect all motor mount fasteners for tightness.

Starting point can be a question. Bottom line any new boat or used boat that is purchased an alignment history should be noted. Who aligned the engine/shaft/train? What was the final alignment measurement that was accepted ? The specification is .001 for each inch of coupling diameter with a maximum of .004 of angular misalignment. 6 inch coupler .004 max, 4 inch coupler .004 Max. Rule of thumb is max .003 or less is what we shoot for. Just because the boat is new do not take for granted the train is aligned. It needs to be checked and documented. This is your starting point. You know it is aligned, all components are running in a straight line. Now all you have to do is make sure everything stays in alignment. Fasteners tight, motor mounts are in good visual condition. Simple maintenance. Marking the nuts with marker , paint or I use red lock tight. This gives you a witness mark. If something moves you can verify the movement.

If you don't have an alignment history. How do you know if the train is aligned? I have heard folks say it is aligned because it doesn't vibrate. Ok maybe?? Is it aligned to spec? Bottom line you don't. Once it is aligned you do and if you maintain the hardware it should hold a good alignment for years if nothing is disturbed.


When I purchased my C26 New I was told the alignment was checked by the dealer. I took his word for it. I didn't notice a high vibration. I used the boat for two years until I found out it was out of alignment. Loose nut? Was it aligned from the dealer? Was the nut loose from the beginning? I don't know because I did not check it or have it checked. I had no information other than. Yes it is aligned. Once I completed the alignment. I Knew it was aligned. I checked the mounts from that point on and never had an issue with packing, vibration, cutlass bearing. It all seemed to be in good shape.

When I purchased my Mainship Pilot I was told that a service technician had replaced engine mounts on my port engine. Great!! New mounts!! I took delivery and piloted the boat to its winter storage destination. This was a 180 mile trip, Lake Michigan to the Illinois river. I did't know this boat's running characteristics but I did know I had something going on with the port engine. When on plane I could hear and feel vibration. My wife could not, she loved the boat. When we got to the marina I checked alignment before the boat was lifted for storage. Both engines, Starboard was spot on. I could not slide a .003 feeler gauge between couplings. Port engine a loose .009 so .010 gap. When I inspected the mounts I found all mount nuts tight but the mounting bolts holding the mounts to the stringer brackets were loose. The tech I believe aligned the engine but forgot the final step, snug all bolts tight. I aligned the engine and took it out for a sea trial. What a difference!! Much better but not perfect. The boat was lifted and put in a building. I checked the Cutlass bearings again. The surveyor checked them when I purchased the boat and checked Good. Not really!! There was more play than I liked. I replaced the bearings, checked the shafts for runout, sent the props out to be balanced, installed new shaft seals. When the boat was launched I rechecked the alignment. It was off a little because of new cutlass bearings. I made a couple of moves and locked it down both engines less than .003 angular misalignment. When I sea trialed the boat I got what I wanted. No shaft movement, no vibration, much quieter when running at high speed. ( It's still noisy with two 4cylinder Yanmars spinning 2800 rpm under my feet) But much better. I did the Loop, 850 hours later and almost 6000 miles under my keel. Nothing has changed. I had a starting point and all I had to do for engine mount maintenance was visual inspection. Nothing moved!

If you want to do alignment yourself. Go for it, once you have completed the task you will understand alignment better. You will then know it is aligned and maintaining alignment will be easy.

If you want to hire someone to check it watch him do the checks. Ask for a minimum misalignment of .003. You now know that it is aligned and all you need to do is visual inspections

If you think the alignment is good and you are comfortable with just leaving it alone. Keep doing what you are doing.

This is a good guide https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q ... i=89978449
 
Thanks Brian; very much appreciated!

Mike
 
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